Required Testing of Emergency Light and Exit Signage

Exit signs with internal lighting function similarly to emergency lights. Because they are always on, many have two sets of bulbs. One set, which is typically on, runs on 110 volt building power. The second set, which only turns on when there is a power outage, consists of low voltage lights that run only on batteries. As a result, an exit sign that looks to be in working order may not function at all after a power outage because the low voltage lights have burnt out.

The New York State Fire Code mandates that emergency lighting and illuminated exit signs be inspected and tested at least once per month. The examination must incorporate a thirty-second assessment of the lighting.

An annual inspection is also mandated, during which the lighting must be operated on emergency power for the entire minimum duration of ninety (90) minutes. Written documentation of the testing procedures must be preserved and made accessible for review by the Office of the Fire Marshal or your insurance provider.

Most emergency lighting fixtures or exit signs are equipped with a small "push to test" button located on the casing. You may press and hold this button for thirty seconds to test the bulbs and the battery. This approach is effective when dealing with a limited number of devices that are readily accessible. The lights should activate and maintain a consistent luminance level throughout the entire thirty-second duration. If the lights dim immediately or some bulbs are not functioning, you should contact maintenance to replace the bulbs and/or batteries in the luminaire.

For exit signs, it is also advisable to verify that the sign is adequately illuminated when operating under normal power conditions.

For a substantial number of devices or for the annual ninety (90) minute test, an alternative option may be more suitable. Identify the circuit breaker or fuse that supplies electrical power to the emergency lighting or exit signage. You may need to consult an electrician if the labeling is inadequate. The circuit breaker should be switched off, and the lights should be monitored to verify their functionality during the 90-minute (annual) or thirty-second (monthly) testing interval.